1.
Independent risk factors for the development of acute heart failure (AHF) include age, male gender, lower systolic blood pressure on admission to hospital, elevated C-reactive protein, and renal dysfunction, research aimed at characterizing the condi
急性心力衰竭（AHF）的独立危险因素包括老龄、男性、入院时的低收缩压、C—反应蛋白升高以及肾功能不全，根据一项旨在描述这些因素特征的研究显示。
2.
atropine HAS often been given with an opioid in the treatment of renal colic in the hope that it will relax the ureteral smooth muscle
阿托品常与鸦片类制剂合用治疗肾绞痛，目的在于松驰输尿管平滑肌。
3.
In previously reported cases, renal appearances in GCD were indistinguishable from IPCD or APCD with marked renomegaly, increased cortical and medullary echogenicity, loss of cortico-medullary differentiation and small cortical cysts.
在以往的病例报道中，肾小球囊性肾病病例的肾脏外观与婴儿多囊病或成人多囊肾疾病是难以区别的，都表现为肾肿大、皮髓质回声增强、皮髓质回声的差别消失、皮质小囊肿。
4.
The renal lISion of crotalid envenomation IS a glomerulonephritIS
响尾蛇科蛇毒中毒的肾脏损害为肾小球肾炎。
5.
Kidney stone(or renal calculus)： Mass of minerals and organic matter that May form in a kidney.
肾结石:矿物质及有机物在肾内沈淀形成的坚硬如石的物质。
6.
There is NO past history of renal involvement.
没有肾脏病的既往史。
7.
Death usually results from hepatic OR renal failure
常因肝脏或肾脏衰竭而导致死亡。
8.
Pyelonephritis： Infection (usually bacterial) and inflammation of kidney tissue and the renal pelvis.
肾盂肾炎:肾组织及肾盂的感染(通常为细菌性)和炎症。
9.
Flank pain associated with burning on urination, suggests renal calculi
侧腹痛伴有排尿灼表明是肾结石。
10.
Early renal tumors are asymptomatic
早期肾肿痛没有明显症状。
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